What complication can arise from long-term use of high cuff pressures?

Long-term use of high cuff pressures can lead to the development of a tracheoesophageal fistula. This complication occurs because excessive pressure from the cuff can exert continuous trauma to the trachea and surrounding structures. This pressure can compromise the integrity of the tracheal wall, eventually resulting in an abnormal connection between the trachea and esophagus, known as a fistula.

Monitoring cuff pressures is essential to avoid tissue ischemia caused by prolonged high pressures. When cuff pressures are well managed, the risk of developing complications such as a tracheoesophageal fistula decreases significantly, highlighting the importance of proper ventilator management and cuff pressure monitoring in patients requiring mechanical ventilation.