What does the term "PEEP" stand for in mechanical ventilation?

The term "PEEP" in mechanical ventilation stands for Positive End-Expiratory Pressure. This concept is crucial in the management of patients who require mechanical ventilation, as it refers to the pressure that remains in the airways at the end of expiration. The primary goal of PEEP is to prevent the alveoli from completely collapsing, thereby increasing functional residual capacity (FRC) and improving oxygenation.

By using PEEP, more oxygen can be delivered to the alveoli and better ventilation-perfusion matching occurs, which is particularly beneficial in conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or other types of respiratory failure. It enhances gas exchange and helps maintain open airways, facilitating continuous ventilation and reducing the work of breathing.

The other options do not accurately represent the term PEEP in the context of mechanical ventilation. They either misrepresent the concept or contain incorrect terminology related to expiratory pressures.